REPLACEMENT OF OLD AUTO SYSTEMS
Improvement is very necessary in every field
to develop systems. To improve the efficiency of its systems automobiles also
updated their organs. Whereas some systems are fully eliminated like two stroke
engines and Magneto ignition system. Continues improvement is going on day by
day to acquire the efficiency. As day by day hike on roads of automobiles, big
factor is fuel requirement. But we all know natural fuels are very limited. We
have to improve the efficiency of our vehicles to drive them for long time.
Research is going on to change our inefficient systems in automobiles. Main
focus is on the fuel efficient, safety and reduction of human effort while
updating the systems. So let’s have discussion on some auto systems
which are updated
POWER UNIT The main and first system of automobiles is power unit.
Thermal engines are most used power units in the automobiles. They are updated very much for fuel
efficiency and weight reduction. Duel fuels are also adopted for engines like CNG,
LPG for gasoline engines . But now days thermal engines are not only power
units for automobiles, electric motors are also popular and its is also future
of automobiles. Because they can be powered by solar and wind generated
electricity. Some concept is also tested for air power and hydrogen also. Fuel
cells are newly used in automobiles in electric cars powered by hydrogen. We are sure as the research is going one day ,
we will be successful run our cars on water also. Because we know water is
oxidized hydrogen i.e. H2O. Combinations of hydrogen and oxygen and
as per science they are separate able in to hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen is
highly combustible gas and oxygen is required gas in combustion.
FUEL SYSTEM function of fuel system is to distribute the fuel
to every cylinder of engine on the very correct time. As speed of engines is increasing with time
,old fuel systems are not capable for providing fuel on accurate time so they
are replaced with CRDI ,MPFI systems . the old statement ‘injectors are
only used in diesel engines’ is uncorrected by MPFI system. These new fuel systems are very
smart, they lead and lag the timings according to the engine requirement. It is
controlled by sensors and knows very
well every position of piston and load on engine , according to that inject the
amount of fuel to the engine. As per
study these systems are very fuel efficient and smart.
COOLING SYSTEM Heat is generated in the engine because fuel we fill
in the tank is burned inside engine .
Everything has limits, beyond a engine temperature it also require to
cool down to a specific temperature which is require to run the engine. So to
maintain that temperature the system of
automobile is called the cooling system
, we know generally there are two systems air cooling and water cooling
. air cooling is used for bikes and autoriksha . Water cooling is used in cars
and other vehicles . in starting in
water cooling system only water is used to cool
the engines which was not very
efficient and so many problems lead to that
like vaporizations of more water , freezing of water in snowing area ,
scaling in the water jacket of engine . So as per modification a coolant is
developed to eliminate all these problems. Now mechanical water pump is
separated from the engine belt and replaced by a electric pump which is further
controlled by control unit. A thermostat valve is also provided in the cooling
system whose work is to open cooling fluid in the jacket which is controlled by
control unit. Now , cooling system is
smart it runs only when cooling is required, which is very fuel efficient.
SUSPENSION SYSTEM to enjoy the drive on dumpy bumpy
roads and to carry a high weight by commercial vehicles, it is very
necessary to update the suspension system. Now most of suspension systems are part
of best designs in bikes and off road vehicle. In starting of automobiles
suspension systems were very noisy and uncomfortable. But use of fluids ,gases and springs combined
ride is very comfortable. Air is also adopted as a component of suspension
system. There are also some unconventional suspensions systems are like
magnetic suspension. Every vehicles suspension is updated as per requirement.
BRAKING SYSTEM Brakes are very important part of any vehicle. As
all systems are required to run a vehicle, it stops the running vehicle on
command of the drivers which is very necessary. Old braking systems are also
eliminated with other systems. Mechanical braking systems were used in old
vehicles , so a lot of human effort was require to stop the vehicle and it was a very big task
for a drivers which was very uncomfortable. This inefficient system is
eliminated by hydraulic brakes, which requires very less effort in braking. In
high speed cars skidding is also a big problem, to overcome this problem one
more system also required which is called ABS.
this system is sensor controlled and active after some calculations in
processing unit which controls every activity of vehicle. And make the braking
action more efficient ad safe. The newely introduced system is EBD electronic
brake distribution
STEERING SYSTEM as we know steering system is used to steer (turn)
the vehicle. Human force is applied on the steering which further is converted
in mechanical force .early in the automobiles fully mechanical systems were in
use in which drivers has to apply a lot of force which is very uncomfortable
for drivers. But with time that is
updated with steering gear ratios and next updated with Hydraulic steering systems which are also used now a days and very
comfortable in commercial vehicles but in passenger vehicles more modification
is required, to see the demand of more fuel efficient cars because hydraulic
systems cut power from engine for its pumping unit. After research the electric steering systems
are developed which is very efficient because they are sensor based and use the
very less energy.
Now in a car every system
is connected with processing unit which is mind of a car which knows everything
including temperature and presser inside and outside of engine. Everything is
displayed in cluster panel i.e. door open or close, and you are not wearing the
seat belt. Even in rainy weather wipers starts automatically.
But it is not enough, for the future cars
smart systems are require which can sense the human expression and emotions.
Future cars will be fully expression operated.
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